File Transfer Protocol (FTP) has been the backbone of file sharing since the 1970s, making it nearly 50 years old. This foundational protocol revolutionized how we move files across networks, enabling transfer of large files over great physical distances during the early days of the internet.
FTP operates on a simple client-server model where multiple clients connect to a single server to transfer files. The protocol uses TCP/IP as its underlying framework and supports various data representations including 8-bit binary, ASCII 7-bit, and EBCDIC 8-bit formats.
The beauty of FTP lies in its simplicity and reliability. It allows users to execute commands for navigating file structures, uploading and downloading files, creating directories, and managing file permissions. Originally developed for command-line interfaces, FTP clients are still included with Windows, Linux, and Unix-based systems today.
Despite its age, FTP remains relevant because it’s built on open standards that support internet freedom. Its widespread adoption means extensive tool support and compatibility with various devices, from security cameras to servers. Understanding FTP is crucial for students as it forms the foundation for understanding more advanced secure protocols like FTPS and SFTP.
